Integrated air and missile defense (IAMD) system-of-systems (SoS) is the basic form of the integration of heterogeneous air defense forces,and plays an important role in the future air and space defense operations.Firstly,based on the reasons and objectives of the construction of IAMD,it is pointed out that the construction idea of the IAMD is decoupling the weapon systems and dynamic reorganization of the elements.Secondly,the overall architecture of the system is analyzed,and the core functions of the two key systems integrated battle command system (IBCS) and integrated fire control network (IFCN) are studied.Thirdly,the test situation and ability evolvement of the SoS are reviewed systematically,the construction emphases and development trend are discussed.Finally,the inspiration and suggestion of our army system construction are put forward.The research results show that the US Army has initially possessed the capability of distributed and networked air and missile defense operations.

The automatic docking process of connector and rocket valve is studied, and a bias measurement system based on dynamic azimuth detection alignment technique is proposed. The deviation value of the connector with the fill valve is obtained and defined as the initial value. The image of the cooperative target is obtained by the optical camera. The camera pose in the two-dimensional plane is quickly extracted by identifying the direction of the target image and the marker size; and the laser sensors are used to accurately obtain the distance information between the target and the camera. The deviation value between the connector and the fill valve can be obtained in real time through this measurement system. It is applied to the automatic docking system, and the results show that the method meets the technical requirements of the automatic docking displacement accuracy 1 mm of the rocket.